我的开发笔记

通用限流实现方案

9/4/2023 限流

# 基于guava限流实现

# 依赖引入

<dependency>
  <groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
  <artifactId>guava</artifactId>
  <version>23.0</version>
</dependency>
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# 自定义限流注解

import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;
 
@Target(value = ElementType.METHOD)
@Retention(value = RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface RateConfigAnno {
 
    String limitType();
 
    double limitCount() default 5d;
}
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# AOP切面

import com.alibaba.fastjson2.JSONObject;
import com.google.common.util.concurrent.RateLimiter;
import org.aspectj.lang.JoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Before;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestContextHolder;
import org.springframework.web.context.request.ServletRequestAttributes;
 
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.util.Objects;
 
@Aspect
@Component
public class GuavaLimitAop {
 
    private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(GuavaLimitAop.class);
 
    @Before("execution(@RateConfigAnno * *(..))")
    public void limit(JoinPoint joinPoint) {
        //1、获取当前的调用方法
        Method currentMethod = getCurrentMethod(joinPoint);
        if (Objects.isNull(currentMethod)) {
            return;
        }
        //2、从方法注解定义上获取限流的类型
        String limitType = currentMethod.getAnnotation(RateConfigAnno.class).limitType();
        double limitCount = currentMethod.getAnnotation(RateConfigAnno.class).limitCount();
        //使用guava的令牌桶算法获取一个令牌，获取不到先等待
        RateLimiter rateLimiter = RateLimitHelper.getRateLimiter(limitType, limitCount);
        boolean b = rateLimiter.tryAcquire();
        if (b) {
            System.out.println("获取到令牌");
        }else {
            HttpServletResponse resp = ((ServletRequestAttributes) RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes()).getResponse();
            JSONObject jsonObject=new JSONObject();
            jsonObject.put("success",false);
            jsonObject.put("msg","限流中");
            try {
                output(resp, jsonObject.toJSONString());
            }catch (Exception e){
                logger.error("error,e:{}",e);
            }
        }
    }
 
    private Method getCurrentMethod(JoinPoint joinPoint) {
        Method[] methods = joinPoint.getTarget().getClass().getMethods();
        Method target = null;
        for (Method method : methods) {
            if (method.getName().equals(joinPoint.getSignature().getName())) {
                target = method;
                break;
            }
        }
        return target;
    }
 
    public void output(HttpServletResponse response, String msg) throws IOException {
        response.setContentType("application/json;charset=UTF-8");
        ServletOutputStream outputStream = null;
        try {
            outputStream = response.getOutputStream();
            outputStream.write(msg.getBytes("UTF-8"));
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            outputStream.flush();
            outputStream.close();
        }
    }
}
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# RateLimitHelper

import com.google.common.util.concurrent.RateLimiter;
 
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
 
public class RateLimitHelper {
 
    private RateLimitHelper(){}
 
    private static Map<String,RateLimiter> rateMap = new HashMap<>();
 
    public static RateLimiter getRateLimiter(String limitType,double limitCount ){
        RateLimiter rateLimiter = rateMap.get(limitType);
        if(rateLimiter == null){
            rateLimiter = RateLimiter.create(limitCount);
            rateMap.put(limitType,rateLimiter);
        }
        return rateLimiter;
    }
 
}
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# 测试

@RestController
public class OrderController {
 
    //localhost:8081/save
    @GetMapping("/save")
    @RateConfigAnno(limitType = "saveOrder",limitCount = 1)
    public String save(){
        return "success";
    }
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# 基于sentinel限流实现

# 依赖引入

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.alibaba.csp</groupId>
    <artifactId>sentinel-core</artifactId>
    <version>1.8.0</version>
</dependency>
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# 自定义限流注解

import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;
 
@Target(value = ElementType.METHOD)
@Retention(value = RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface SentinelLimitAnnotation {
 
    String resourceName();
 
    int limitCount() default 5;
 
}
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# AOP切面

import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.Entry;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.SphU;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.Tracer;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.BlockException;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.RuleConstant;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.flow.FlowRule;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.flow.FlowRuleManager;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.aspectj.lang.JoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Around;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Pointcut;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
 
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Objects;
 
@Aspect
@Component
public class SentinelMethodLimitAop {
 
    private static void initFlowRule(String resourceName,int limitCount) {
        List<FlowRule> rules = new ArrayList<>();
        FlowRule rule = new FlowRule();
        //设置受保护的资源
        rule.setResource(resourceName);
        //设置流控规则 QPS
        rule.setGrade(RuleConstant.FLOW_GRADE_QPS);
        //设置受保护的资源阈值
        rule.setCount(limitCount);
        rules.add(rule);
        //加载配置好的规则
        FlowRuleManager.loadRules(rules);
    }
 
    @Pointcut(value = "@annotation(com.congge.sentinel.SentinelLimitAnnotation)")
    public void rateLimit() {
 
    }
 
    @Around("rateLimit()")
    public Object around(ProceedingJoinPoint joinPoint) {
        //1、获取当前的调用方法
        Method currentMethod = getCurrentMethod(joinPoint);
        if (Objects.isNull(currentMethod)) {
            return null;
        }
        //2、从方法注解定义上获取限流的类型
        String resourceName = currentMethod.getAnnotation(SentinelLimitAnnotation.class).resourceName();
        if(StringUtils.isEmpty(resourceName)){
            throw new RuntimeException("资源名称为空");
        }
        int limitCount = currentMethod.getAnnotation(SentinelLimitAnnotation.class).limitCount();
        initFlowRule(resourceName,limitCount);
 
        Entry entry = null;
        Object result = null;
        try {
            entry = SphU.entry(resourceName);
            try {
                result = joinPoint.proceed();
            } catch (Throwable throwable) {
                throwable.printStackTrace();
            }
        } catch (BlockException ex) {
            // 资源访问阻止，被限流或被降级
            // 在此处进行相应的处理操作
            System.out.println("blocked");
            return "被限流了";
        } catch (Exception e) {
            Tracer.traceEntry(e, entry);
        } finally {
            if (entry != null) {
                entry.exit();
            }
        }
        return result;
    }
 
    private Method getCurrentMethod(JoinPoint joinPoint) {
        Method[] methods = joinPoint.getTarget().getClass().getMethods();
        Method target = null;
        for (Method method : methods) {
            if (method.getName().equals(joinPoint.getSignature().getName())) {
                target = method;
                break;
            }
        }
        return target;
    }
}
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# 测试

//localhost:8081/limit
@GetMapping("/limit")
@SentinelLimitAnnotation(limitCount = 1,resourceName = "sentinelLimit")
public String sentinelLimit(){
    return "sentinelLimit";
}
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# 基于redis+lua限流实现

  • redis是线程安全的，天然具有线程安全的特性，支持原子性操作，限流服务不仅需要承接超高QPS，还要保证限流逻辑的执行层面具备线程安全的特性，利用Redis这些特性做限流，既能保证线程安全，也能保证性能。

# 依赖引入

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
</dependency>
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# 自定义限流注解

@Target({ElementType.METHOD, ElementType.TYPE})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Inherited
@Documented
public @interface RedisLimitAnnotation {
 
    /**
     * key
     */
    String key() default "";
    /**
     * Key的前缀
     */
    String prefix() default "";
    /**
     * 一定时间内最多访问次数
     */
    int count();
    /**
     * 给定的时间范围 单位(秒)
     */
    int period();
    /**
     * 限流的类型(用户自定义key或者请求ip)
     */
    LimitType limitType() default LimitType.CUSTOMER;
 
}
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# 自定义redis配置类

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.script.DefaultRedisScript;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer;
import org.springframework.scripting.support.ResourceScriptSource;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
 
import java.io.Serializable;
 
@Component
public class RedisConfiguration {
 
    @Bean
    public DefaultRedisScript<Number> redisluaScript() {
        DefaultRedisScript<Number> redisScript = new DefaultRedisScript<>();
        redisScript.setScriptSource(new ResourceScriptSource(new ClassPathResource("limit.lua")));
        redisScript.setResultType(Number.class);
        return redisScript;
    }
 
    @Bean("redisTemplate")
    public RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory) {
        RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate = new RedisTemplate<>();
        redisTemplate.setConnectionFactory(redisConnectionFactory);
        Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer jackson2JsonRedisSerializer = new Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer(Object.class);
 
        //设置value的序列化方式为JSON
        redisTemplate.setValueSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer);
        //设置key的序列化方式为String
        redisTemplate.setKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
 
        redisTemplate.setHashKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
        redisTemplate.setHashValueSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer);
        redisTemplate.afterPropertiesSet();
 
        return redisTemplate;
    }
 
}
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# AOP切面

import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Around;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Pointcut;
import org.aspectj.lang.reflect.MethodSignature;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.script.DefaultRedisScript;
import org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestContextHolder;
import org.springframework.web.context.request.ServletRequestAttributes;
 
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.List;
 
@Aspect
@Configuration
public class LimitRestAspect {
 
    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(LimitRestAspect.class);
 
    @Autowired
    private RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate;
 
    @Autowired
    private DefaultRedisScript<Number> redisluaScript;
 
 
    @Pointcut(value = "@annotation(com.congge.config.limit.RedisLimitAnnotation)")
    public void rateLimit() {
 
    }
 
    @Around("rateLimit()")
    public Object interceptor(ProceedingJoinPoint joinPoint) throws Throwable {
        MethodSignature signature = (MethodSignature) joinPoint.getSignature();
        Method method = signature.getMethod();
        Class<?> targetClass = method.getDeclaringClass();
        RedisLimitAnnotation rateLimit = method.getAnnotation(RedisLimitAnnotation.class);
        if (rateLimit != null) {
            HttpServletRequest request = ((ServletRequestAttributes) RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes()).getRequest();
            String ipAddress = getIpAddr(request);
            StringBuffer stringBuffer = new StringBuffer();
            stringBuffer.append(ipAddress).append("-")
                    .append(targetClass.getName()).append("- ")
                    .append(method.getName()).append("-")
                    .append(rateLimit.key());
            List<String> keys = Collections.singletonList(stringBuffer.toString());
            //调用lua脚本，获取返回结果，这里即为请求的次数
            Number number = redisTemplate.execute(
                    redisluaScript,
                    keys,
                    rateLimit.count(),
                    rateLimit.period()
            );
            if (number != null && number.intValue() != 0 && number.intValue() <= rateLimit.count()) {
                logger.info("限流时间段内访问了第：{} 次", number.toString());
                return joinPoint.proceed();
            }
        } else {
            return joinPoint.proceed();
        }
        throw new RuntimeException("访问频率过快，被限流了");
    }
 
    /**
     * 获取请求的IP方法
     * @param request
     * @return
     */
    private static String getIpAddr(HttpServletRequest request) {
        String ipAddress = null;
        try {
            ipAddress = request.getHeader("x-forwarded-for");
            if (ipAddress == null || ipAddress.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ipAddress)) {
                ipAddress = request.getHeader("Proxy-Client-IP");
            }
            if (ipAddress == null || ipAddress.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ipAddress)) {
                ipAddress = request.getHeader("WL-Proxy-Client-IP");
            }
            if (ipAddress == null || ipAddress.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ipAddress)) {
                ipAddress = request.getRemoteAddr();
            }
            // 对于通过多个代理的情况，第一个IP为客户端真实IP,多个IP按照','分割
            if (ipAddress != null && ipAddress.length() > 15) {
                if (ipAddress.indexOf(",") > 0) {
                    ipAddress = ipAddress.substring(0, ipAddress.indexOf(","));
                }
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            ipAddress = "";
        }
        return ipAddress;
    }
 
}
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# 自定义lua脚本

local key = "rate.limit:" .. KEYS[1]
 
local limit = tonumber(ARGV[1])
 
local current = tonumber(redis.call('get', key) or "0")
 
if current + 1 > limit then
  return 0
else
   -- 没有超阈值，将当前访问数量+1，并设置2秒过期（可根据自己的业务情况调整）
   redis.call("INCRBY", key,"1")
   redis.call("expire", key,"2")
   return current + 1
end
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# 测试

@RestController
public class RedisController {
 
    //localhost:8081/redis/limit
    @GetMapping("/redis/limit")
    @RedisLimitAnnotation(key = "queryFromRedis",period = 1, count = 1)
    public String queryFromRedis(){
        return "success";
    }
 
}
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